diff --git a/app/Policies/SopTemplatePolicy.php b/app/Policies/SopTemplatePolicy.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5e13e62
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/Policies/SopTemplatePolicy.php
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace App\Policies;
+
+use App\Models\SopTemplate;
+use App\Models\User;
+
+class SopTemplatePolicy
+{
+    /**
+     * 查看任何 SOP 模板
+     */
+    public function viewAny(User $user): bool
+    {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 查看 SOP 模板
+     */
+    public function view(User $user, SopTemplate $sopTemplate): bool
+    {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 创建 SOP 模板
+     */
+    public function create(User $user): bool
+    {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 更新 SOP 模板
+     */
+    public function update(User $user, SopTemplate $sopTemplate): bool
+    {
+        // 已发布的模板不能直接编辑
+        if ($sopTemplate->status === 'published') {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 删除 SOP 模板
+     */
+    public function delete(User $user, SopTemplate $sopTemplate): bool
+    {
+        // 已发布的模板不能删除
+        if ($sopTemplate->status === 'published') {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 发布 SOP 模板
+     */
+    public function publish(User $user, SopTemplate $sopTemplate): bool
+    {
+        return $sopTemplate->status === 'draft';
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 归档 SOP 模板
+     */
+    public function archive(User $user, SopTemplate $sopTemplate): bool
+    {
+        return $sopTemplate->status === 'published';
+    }
+}
diff --git a/app/Providers/AppServiceProvider.php b/app/Providers/AppServiceProvider.php
index d64d3cc..a3ceb0a 100644
--- a/app/Providers/AppServiceProvider.php
+++ b/app/Providers/AppServiceProvider.php
@@ -3,8 +3,11 @@
 namespace App\Providers;
 
 use App\Models\Document;
+use App\Models\SopTemplate;
 use App\Observers\DocumentObserver;
+use App\Policies\SopTemplatePolicy;
 use Carbon\Carbon;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Gate;
 use Illuminate\Support\ServiceProvider;
 
 class AppServiceProvider extends ServiceProvider
@@ -27,5 +30,8 @@ class AppServiceProvider extends ServiceProvider
 
         // 注册文档观察者，用于自动管理 Meilisearch 索引
         Document::observe(DocumentObserver::class);
+
+        // 注册策略
+        Gate::policy(SopTemplate::class, SopTemplatePolicy::class);
     }
 }